John Lawler's Profile

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  • With so many ways to start a car, there are some good ways to talk about it. Except for (1) and (2), these are fine.

    While there is a Rule of English grammar being violated in (1) and (2), there is no English grammar rule being violated in each of these sentences.
    Native speakers know it, because they follow it, but they never state it to any native speakers.
    Non-native speakers don’t need to be taught this rule, however it’s not obvious.

    • If a noun is an attribute of more than one word, a noun is the only item to which it adds the noun modifier.
      When noun modifiers contain only one word, it goes before the character it modifies.
      Mnemonic : an eleven year old boy versus a boy eleven years

    old Since turned off/on is more than one word, it must follow car. not precede it.
    A car turned off or on is Okay, but not * A turned off car.

    Is there a single word, metaphoric term turned on/off, which refers to affectual

    • display, He describes himself as turned-on, and had to answer his questions but he didn’t answer his questions.

    Besides the metaphor, it doesn’t refer to actual machine power status.) This

    rule is the one that makes the famous cat video Maru and the Too

    • Small Box so odd-sounding to native

    English speakers.

    • 781442 views
    • 10 answers
    • 288949 votes
  • With so many ways to start a car, there are some good ways to talk about it. Except for (1) and (2), these are fine.

    While there is a Rule of English grammar being violated in (1) and (2), there is no English grammar rule being violated in each of these sentences.
    Native speakers know it, because they follow it, but they never state it to any native speakers.
    Non-native speakers don’t need to be taught this rule, however it’s not obvious.

    • If a noun is an attribute of more than one word, a noun is the only item to which it adds the noun modifier.
      When noun modifiers contain only one word, it goes before the character it modifies.
      Mnemonic : an eleven year old boy versus a boy eleven years

    old Since turned off/on is more than one word, it must follow car. not precede it.
    A car turned off or on is Okay, but not * A turned off car.

    Is there a single word, metaphoric term turned on/off, which refers to affectual

    • display, He describes himself as turned-on, and had to answer his questions but he didn’t answer his questions.

    Besides the metaphor, it doesn’t refer to actual machine power status.) This

    rule is the one that makes the famous cat video Maru and the Too

    • Small Box so odd-sounding to native

    English speakers.

    • 781442 views
    • 10 answers
    • 288949 votes
  • With so many ways to start a car, there are some good ways to talk about it. Except for (1) and (2), these are fine.

    While there is a Rule of English grammar being violated in (1) and (2), there is no English grammar rule being violated in each of these sentences.
    Native speakers know it, because they follow it, but they never state it to any native speakers.
    Non-native speakers don’t need to be taught this rule, however it’s not obvious.

    • If a noun is an attribute of more than one word, a noun is the only item to which it adds the noun modifier.
      When noun modifiers contain only one word, it goes before the character it modifies.
      Mnemonic : an eleven year old boy versus a boy eleven years

    old Since turned off/on is more than one word, it must follow car. not precede it.
    A car turned off or on is Okay, but not * A turned off car.

    Is there a single word, metaphoric term turned on/off, which refers to affectual

    • display, He describes himself as turned-on, and had to answer his questions but he didn’t answer his questions.

    Besides the metaphor, it doesn’t refer to actual machine power status.) This

    rule is the one that makes the famous cat video Maru and the Too

    • Small Box so odd-sounding to native

    English speakers.

    • 781442 views
    • 10 answers
    • 288949 votes
  • With so many ways to start a car, there are some good ways to talk about it. Except for (1) and (2), these are fine.

    While there is a Rule of English grammar being violated in (1) and (2), there is no English grammar rule being violated in each of these sentences.
    Native speakers know it, because they follow it, but they never state it to any native speakers.
    Non-native speakers don’t need to be taught this rule, however it’s not obvious.

    • If a noun is an attribute of more than one word, a noun is the only item to which it adds the noun modifier.
      When noun modifiers contain only one word, it goes before the character it modifies.
      Mnemonic : an eleven year old boy versus a boy eleven years

    old Since turned off/on is more than one word, it must follow car. not precede it.
    A car turned off or on is Okay, but not * A turned off car.

    Is there a single word, metaphoric term turned on/off, which refers to affectual

    • display, He describes himself as turned-on, and had to answer his questions but he didn’t answer his questions.

    Besides the metaphor, it doesn’t refer to actual machine power status.) This

    rule is the one that makes the famous cat video Maru and the Too

    • Small Box so odd-sounding to native

    English speakers.

    • 781442 views
    • 10 answers
    • 288949 votes
  • With so many ways to start a car, there are some good ways to talk about it. Except for (1) and (2), these are fine.

    While there is a Rule of English grammar being violated in (1) and (2), there is no English grammar rule being violated in each of these sentences.
    Native speakers know it, because they follow it, but they never state it to any native speakers.
    Non-native speakers don’t need to be taught this rule, however it’s not obvious.

    • If a noun is an attribute of more than one word, a noun is the only item to which it adds the noun modifier.
      When noun modifiers contain only one word, it goes before the character it modifies.
      Mnemonic : an eleven year old boy versus a boy eleven years

    old Since turned off/on is more than one word, it must follow car. not precede it.
    A car turned off or on is Okay, but not * A turned off car.

    Is there a single word, metaphoric term turned on/off, which refers to affectual

    • display, He describes himself as turned-on, and had to answer his questions but he didn’t answer his questions.

    Besides the metaphor, it doesn’t refer to actual machine power status.) This

    rule is the one that makes the famous cat video Maru and the Too

    • Small Box so odd-sounding to native

    English speakers.

    • 781442 views
    • 10 answers
    • 288949 votes
  • With so many ways to start a car, there are some good ways to talk about it. Except for (1) and (2), these are fine.

    While there is a Rule of English grammar being violated in (1) and (2), there is no English grammar rule being violated in each of these sentences.
    Native speakers know it, because they follow it, but they never state it to any native speakers.
    Non-native speakers don’t need to be taught this rule, however it’s not obvious.

    • If a noun is an attribute of more than one word, a noun is the only item to which it adds the noun modifier.
      When noun modifiers contain only one word, it goes before the character it modifies.
      Mnemonic : an eleven year old boy versus a boy eleven years

    old Since turned off/on is more than one word, it must follow car. not precede it.
    A car turned off or on is Okay, but not * A turned off car.

    Is there a single word, metaphoric term turned on/off, which refers to affectual

    • display, He describes himself as turned-on, and had to answer his questions but he didn’t answer his questions.

    Besides the metaphor, it doesn’t refer to actual machine power status.) This

    rule is the one that makes the famous cat video Maru and the Too

    • Small Box so odd-sounding to native

    English speakers.

    • 781442 views
    • 10 answers
    • 288949 votes
  • For a very simple reason, the second example

    • I had originally planned to cite my sources

    is to be preferred to the first example

    • I initially had planned to cite my sources.

    Both sentences are grammatical, but the second allows contraction, and would be pronounced

    • I had originally planned to cite my

    sources which is better colloquial English Contractions are pretty standard in colloquial English.

    What is the best place to put a focussed adverb in a sentence (there may be many, after all), right after the first auxiliary verb, where negation and other heavy stuff tend to work best.

    • 267407 views
    • 6 answers
    • 98474 votes
  • Asked on March 28, 2021 in Meaning.

    Might is an auxiliary verb. I would. Modal and mood all refer to the same logical phenomena, so this is in the same semantic area as the subjunctive, conditional and optative moods. English doesn’t have moods, but it has tons of modal constructions to do the same job

    In general, modals are more polite than non-modals, just as the subjunctive mood is more polite in languages like Spanish that have a subjunctive mood. Why do we say:

    • Would you like…?

    No longer

    • Do you want?

    How can I make my question sound polite?

    The pragmatic tag I might add is a politeness marker. What’s that

    and what is the best way to finish this assignment, please do so.

    • 774622 views
    • 4 answers
    • 287576 votes
  • Asked on March 28, 2021 in Meaning.

    Might is an auxiliary verb. I would. Modal and mood all refer to the same logical phenomena, so this is in the same semantic area as the subjunctive, conditional and optative moods. English doesn’t have moods, but it has tons of modal constructions to do the same job

    In general, modals are more polite than non-modals, just as the subjunctive mood is more polite in languages like Spanish that have a subjunctive mood. Why do we say:

    • Would you like…?

    No longer

    • Do you want?

    How can I make my question sound polite?

    The pragmatic tag I might add is a politeness marker. What’s that

    and what is the best way to finish this assignment, please do so.

    • 774622 views
    • 4 answers
    • 287576 votes
  • Asked on March 28, 2021 in Meaning.

    Might is an auxiliary verb. I would. Modal and mood all refer to the same logical phenomena, so this is in the same semantic area as the subjunctive, conditional and optative moods. English doesn’t have moods, but it has tons of modal constructions to do the same job

    In general, modals are more polite than non-modals, just as the subjunctive mood is more polite in languages like Spanish that have a subjunctive mood. Why do we say:

    • Would you like…?

    No longer

    • Do you want?

    How can I make my question sound polite?

    The pragmatic tag I might add is a politeness marker. What’s that

    and what is the best way to finish this assignment, please do so.

    • 774622 views
    • 4 answers
    • 287576 votes